南少林羅漢喜怒拳 (Southern Shaolin Lohan Fist of Joy and Anger)

少林羅漢喜怒拳是新加坡雙林寺方丈、南洋少林國術總會元老釋高參禪師，根據他在原籍福建清興寺行亮上人授於的少林羅漢禪拳的基礎上經過長期磨鍊，反覆推敲而創編的一套功法。 少林羅漢喜怒拳具有剛健有力，樸實無華，情含虛實，以情施招，變化無窮，現虛誘敵入，施實痛擊之特點。 練此拳不僅可以活動四肢，牽動身軀，而且還可以修鍊大腦、眼、耳、口唇、表情、神志和敏銳、機智蹬，使人體得到全面鍛煉，男女老少，均抖適宜，此拳現已廣泛的流傳在東南亞一帶，很受人民群眾的歡迎。

Shaolin Luohan Fist of Joy and Anger is a set of techniques created by Venerable Master Gao Can, the Abbot of Singapore's Shuanglin Monastery and the senior member of the South Asian Shaolin Kung Fu Association. It is based on the Shaolin Luohan Zen Fist taught by the former Abbot of Qingxing Temple in Fujian Province, and has been refined and developed over a long period of time through careful study and repetition. The Shaolin Luohan Joy and Anger Fist is characterised by its robust and powerful movements, its simplicity and effectiveness, and its ability to use emotion to lure and deceive an opponent before delivering a decisive blow. Practising this form can not only improve flexibility and strength, but also train the brain, eyes, ears, lips, expression, focus, and reaction. It is suitable for people of all ages and genders and is widely popular in Southeast Asia.

起勢 (Preparation)

兩腿雙盤打坐，兩臂屈肘，兩掌心向上相疊，附於丹田穴前，左掌在上，右掌在下，兩手指伸展，指端向前，身胸挺直，目視前方，形如懷托彌陀印。 舌抵上齶，氣沉丹田（臍下三寸）。

1. Sit with legs crossed, arms bent, and both palms stacked on top of each other, facing upwards in front of the Dan Tian (丹田) - three inches below the belly button.
2. Left palm on top of right palm. Stretch out your fingers, with the tips pointing left and right.
3. Keep your chest straight and look forward.
4. Place the tip of your tongue against the roof of your mouth.
5. Sink your breath in the Dan Tian.

1 活佛填丹 (The Living Buddha Fills the Elixir)

氣由丹田發，先以小周天運氣三偱，屯氣三息，然後改大周天運氣法，縱施一偱，然後下注湧泉，抖足滑鞋，輕拋兩側，再提足合跟，腳尖點地，同時兩掌由內向外向上劃弧，然後合掌沉肘，掌豎胸前，閉口瞪眼，目視前方。

1. Begin by collecting your energy from Dan Tian with inhaling, and circulate energy through your body in Micro-cosmic orbit (小周天) for three times.
2. Switch to circulate through Macro-cosmic orbit (大周天), and circulate your energy once.
3. Then, sink your energy down to your Yong Quan (湧泉穴 middle of feet) pressure point, shaking your legs and feet slightly (Note: original Chinese description was to shake off your shoes to left and right).
4. Lift your feet and bring them together, while pointing your toes down.
5. At the same time, draw two arcs with your palms from the inside to outside to top and then drop your palm together in front of your chest and drop your elbows.
6. Close your mouth and open your eyes, gaze forward.

2 龍角爪勢 (Dragon's Claw)

左腳不動，右腳向前挪半步，提氣左轉，左腿附地，右腿全蹲，同時兩手由內向外在兩腋下旋腕轉掌，然後又掌變成龍角爪，抖肘亮於胸前，左爪向右，高與肩平，掌心向右，右掌屈肘穿於腹前，掌心向上，開唇咬齒，瞪眼暴視。

1. Take a half step forward with your right foot.
2. Breath in, and turn your upper body to left.
3. Lift your left foot and turn it underneath your right thigh.
4. Squat down fully with your right leg.
5. At the same time, move your hands from inside to the outside back to your armpit and rotate your wrists to turn your palms upward.
6. Then, transform your palms into dragon’s claw (See picture below), shake elbow then place the claws in front of your chest.
7. Then, move your left claw to the right and hold it horizontally at the same level as your shoulder. Keep your palm facing to the right.
8. Bend your right elbow and slide your right claw in front of your Dan Tian. Keep your palm facing upwards.
9. Slightly open your mouth, bite your teeth and glare fiercely.

3 金剛砸拳 (Kam Kong Smash)

右腳向後挪半步，上體右轉45度，臀部著地，同時兩爪在胸前環抱，然後抖腕變拳，左拳屈肘反腕亮於胸前，掌心向前，右拳垂臂下砸，拳心向下，開唇悅顏，攏眉誘目。

1. Take a half step back with your right foot, then turn your upper body 45 degrees to the right (facing forward).
2. Bend your knees and lower your hips until they reach the ground, at the same time, hug both claws together in front of your chest.
3. Shake your wrists and change claws to fists.
4. Bend your left arm and lift your left fist in front of your chest, palm facing forward (Note: picture show palm facing right).
5. Punch down with your right fist, making sure the fist is facing down.
6. Open your lips slightly, arch your eyebrows and look forward happily.

4 織女穿剪 (Weaver’s Dressing and Cutting)

右腳向內收半步，臀部著地，左腿由外向內擺，足尖點地，右腿向外撇，使膝外部附地，同時右拳由下向上屈肘抖拳，拳心向里，左拳由內向外劃弧，然後變成金剪指，由外向內插，掌指向右，掌心向上，開唇樂容，目視前方。

1. Move your right foot half step backward. Hips on the ground.
2. Move your left leg facing forward, heel up and toes facing front.
3. Now, turn your right leg pointing to right, so your outside of your knee is on the ground.
4. At the same time, lift your right fist up, and put your fist in front of your chest, with your knuckles facing down.
5. Draw an arc with your left fist to left and then back to chest level, fingers form a scissors shape pointing towards right (palm facing up).
6. (Change your right fist to strike forward with two fingers, this movement was not present in text, but appeared in picture below).
7. Open your mouth and smile, while looking straight ahead.

5 霸王舉旗 (Overlord Raising the Flag)

左腳不動，移右腳挪於左腳後，衫臀蹲坐，同時左剪指變掌，由內向外向上劃弧，然後舉臂反掌，直豎左側，掌心向外，掌指向上，右拳由胸前向右下方撩打，然後背於大腿后，拳心向里，挺胸縱頸，開唇笑顏，目視左掌。

1. Keep the left foot down and move the right foot behind the left.
2. Squat down and change the left scissors hand to palm. Draw an arc with left palm across the body from right to top and then press up with your palm above your head, with the palm facing outwards, the fingers pointing up and arm straight.
3. At the time, change the right hand back to form a fist and strike from chest position towards the lower right. Bring the fist back behind right thigh, with the fist facing inwards.
4. Lift up your chest, open your mouth and smile. Look at the left palm.

6 羅漢金剛 （Luohan Kam Kong)

沉臂收掌，閉口吞氣，然後提氣挪擺左腳，屈膝，右腳隨體左轉，向內附緊下腹，臀部坐地，同時左掌變拳，向外撩打，然後屈肘抱於肋間，拳心向上，右拳由右向左揣擊，拳心向下，開唇笑顏。

1. Lower your left arm and retract your palms to chest level, then close your mouth and exhale.
2. Lift the energy and extend your left foot toward your left, bend your left knee.
3. Put your right foot on the ground, then return right leg with your body to the left and position your right knee close to your lower abdomen.
4. Sit down change your left palm into a fist and punch outward.
5. Then retract your left fist to your rib cage, and punch with your right fist toward your left.
6. Open your mouth and smile. Look forward.

7 轉乾八字 (Turning the Eight Characters of Heaven and Earth)

閉口、提氣、起臀、右腳向前挪半步，左腿半蹲，右腿跪地，同時兩拳變掌，由胸前向外平展，然後同時向外向下往前旋臂劃弧，左掌反腕變成八字掌屈肘亮於胸前，右掌變拳，垂臂下揣，開唇和笑顏咬齒。

1. Close your mouth, take a deep breath through your nose and seat straight.
2. Half step forward with your right foot, and half squat with your left leg.
3. Lower your right knee to the ground, and at the same time, change both fists into palms.
4. Extend both palms forward (finger pointing forward) from your chest then turn outward (finger facing up). Then, circle your palm downward (finger facing down).
5. Continue circling your left palm back to your chest, forming a one finger guard, drop your elbow to your chest.
6. At the same time, change your right palm into a fist, and drop elbow and punch down.
7. Open your mouth ,bite your lip and smile.

8 羅漢盤柱 (Luohan Circling a Pillar)

閉口提氣，移左腳於後，體向右轉，沉臀附小腿盤坐，同時左八字手向前連推三次，仍復原位，然後右拳變掌由內向外甩膀再向外向內展掌掠抄，再升臂變拳，沉浮三次，屈肘抱於腹前，拳心向上，笑顏開唇，目視前方。

1. Close your mouth and take a deep breath through your nose.
2. Lift your left foot behind you right and turn your body to the right, and move your right foot slightly pass your centre to your left.
3. Lower your hips and sit close to your heels, keeping your thighs together.
4. At the same time, use your left arm to push forward with a one-finger guard, repeat three times.
5. Return to the starting position.
6. Change right fist to palm, swing your right palm from the inside out, then from the outside in.
7. Then, form a fist again and then raise and drop your right fist three times.
8. After that, bend your elbow and bring your fist back to your stomach, with your knuckles facing up.
9. Smile and open your lips, looking straight ahead.

9 織女亮剪 (Weaver Showing the Cut)

吞氣後閉口，抬右腳向左移半步，以臀部為軸，體左轉90度，兩腳跪地，沉臀側盤坐，同時左八字手變為剪指; 向左右反腕攔抖指。 右拳抬臂向前崩掌成五花瓣手，如拋流砂，然後旋腕沉臂向下彈指，開唇笑顏，挺胸，目視右側前方。

1. Take a deep breath then close your mouth.
2. Lift your right foot and move it half a step to the left.
3. Rotate your body 90 degrees to the left, with your hips as the axis.
4. Kneel on both feet and sink your hips as you side-sit. At the same time, change your left one finger guard hand into a scissors-finger.
5. Shift left hand to left and right, then back to middle and sake the fist.
6. Lift right fist and punch forward while opening your palm to be like five petals of flowers, as if throwing sand.
7. Then rotate your wrist to sink your arm down and snap your fingers.
8. Open your mouth and smile, straighten your chest and look forward.

10 仙人劈柴 (The Immortals Cleave Wood)

先閉口，再提氣，然後躍臀向前，左腿跪地，右腿全蹲，同時左剪指向外往內連擺三次，然後成大八字掌舉劈向上，右掌由後向前抄打，然後提臂屈肘端掌，食、中、次和小指間開伸直，大拇指稍向內屈，掌心向上，挺胸塌腰，臀部離地，笑顏開唇，目視前上方。

1. Close your mouth and take a deep breath.
2. Move forward with your hips and kneeling down your left leg to the ground while your right leg is completely crouched.
3. Rotate your left arm with scissors-finger to outward and inward in an arc motion three times.
4. Then form a palm with thumb open and lift the arm upward, fingers pointing up.
5. Use your right palm to strike forward from behind.
6. Then retract your palm and bend your elbow to your chest so that your palm is facing up and with the index, middle, second and little fingers straight apart and the thumb slightly bent inwards.
7. Straighten your chest and sink your waist, lifting your hips.
8. Open your mouth and smile, look forward.

11 老猴暗算 (The Old Monkey's Trick)

閉口吞氣，然後聳耳白頭皺眉，吐氣三口，左臂下沉揮掌下劈，再旋腕變成八字掌，屈肘附於胸前，同時右掌由內向外撩打，然後變成三陰指垂臂向下直插，拇指一側向前，暴上唇，縮下唇，皺臉瞪目。

1. Close your mouth and inhale through your nose.
2. Tilt your head back, and frown your eyebrows, exhale sharply three times.
3. Lower your left arm, and strike downwards to make a chopping motion.
4. Then, close your fingers to make a fist but leave thumb and index finger open in “L” shape.
5. Lift your left fist to your chest. Index finger pointing forward.
6. At the same time, strike your right palm from inside to outside. Then change it to a three-finger grip and extend your arm and strike downwards.
7. Landed with your thumb and index finger forward.
8. Pull up your lips. Squint your eyes and glare.

12 一支禪拳 (Yizhi Chan Fist)

吞氣。 合口，臀部著地，以臀為軸，體向右轉90度，左腿屈蹲，提臀，使右腿盤跪，同時右手陰指由前向後撩打，然後再由後返前，屈肘變成一指拳，附於胸前上步，拳心向左，左八字掌向前往下砸，然後向外撩打，藏於左腰后，合唇笑顏，目視前方。

1. Close your mouth and inhale through your nose.
2. Seat on the ground, and turn the body 90 degrees to the right (facing forward).
3. Squat down with the left leg and allow the right leg to cross in a kneeling position.
4. At the same time, right hand make a fist but with index and middle finger extended. Strike from the front to the back, then return to the front and change to index and little finger extended with the elbow bent.
5. Place the right fist in front of the chest.
6. Left hand from previous “L” shape make a forward then downward motion, then make an outward swipe and hide the hand at the back of the left waist.
7. Close your lips and smile, looking forward.

13 懷抱琵琶 (Embracing the Lute)

提氣挺胸，松臂晃肩，右拳由內向外旋肘，再回腕開指三擺，然後攏指變成空心拳，屈肘亮於胸前，拳心向內，左拳由身後返前變掌前抓，然後變成金剪指屈肘向內，附於腹前，掌心向上，開唇大笑，目視前方。

1. Close your mouth and inhale through your nose.
2. Lift your chest, relax your arms and shake your shoulders.
3. Right hand make a fist and punch from inside to outside, palm facing up.
4. Then circle your wrist to make grasping moves three times.
5. After three times, bend your elbow and bring it in front of your chest, with the palm facing inward. Fingers remain closed.
6. Left hand make a fist, swing it back from behind and then change to tiger fist and grab forward, then close your fingers to make a golden scissors.
7. Bend your elbow and bring it inward towards your abdomen with your palm facing up.
8. Open your mouth and laugh, and look straight ahead.

14 金剛鑽地 (Kam Kong Drilling)

吐氣、閉口、正顏，伸開兩腳滑入鞋內，沉跟穿鞋，欲起身，聳耳全蹲，同時左掌由內向外撩打，然後變拳，屈肘附於腹前，拳心向里，右拳握實，由上向下揣擊，拳心向裡，上體前俯，仰面縮頸，皺顏瞪目。

1. Close your mouth and look straight ahead, exhale through your nose.
2. Slide your feet back into your shoes.
3. Bend your knees and squat down, while simultaneously making an outward sweeping motion with your left palm.
4. Then, turn your palm into a fist, bending your elbow and bringing it close to your abdomen, with your the centre of your palm facing inward.
5. Make a tight fist with your right hand, and strike downward from above, keeping your knuckles pointing to the ground.
6. Lean your upper body forward, tilt your head back, and staring straight ahead.

15 怒目待幻 (Angry Eyes for Illusion)

吐氣，放鬆，移跪右腿，然後收右拳變掌，由右向左掠打，然後附於左腿上部，同時左拳變掌，向前猛抓，然後變成猴爪，屈肘向前刁打，閉口挺胸，目視前方。

1. Take a deep breath and relax.
2. Move into a kneeling position on your right leg, and change your right fist into palm.
3. Slap your right palm to left. Then put it on the top of your left thigh.
4. At the same time, open your left fist and change to tiger palm and claw strike forward.
5. Then, change your left hand into a monkey claw and bend your elbow to strike forward.
6. Close your mouth, straighten your chest and look straight ahead.

16 一對金剛 (A Pair of Kam Kong)

吐氣、右肘向外擺，同時移右腳，臀部坐地，左拳變掌，與右掌交會於胸前，然後兩手向前環打，再反掌變拳，伴肘向前連環三次，左拳再向前衝擊，拳心向上，右拳屈肘抱於腹前，拳心向上，橫眉暴目，閉口皺顏。

1. Take a deep breath, then extend your right elbow backward while shifting your right knee up.
2. Sit down and turn your left fist into a palm, bringing it together with your right palm in front of your chest.
3. Palm strike forward with both hands together in a circular motion, then return back and change into fists. Repeat the movement three times.
4. Thrust your left fist forward with the palm facing up then change to guarding hand, and bring your right fist in close to your abdomen with the palm facing up.
5. Glare with a furrowed brow and mouth open.

17 老鷹現爪 (Eagles in Claws)

口開吐氣，收左腳，起臀，右腿全蹲，左腿跪地，同時右拳變掌，與左掌同時經胸向前推出，然後由內向外輪臂一周，右掌屈肘握拳，抱於腹前，拳心向上，左掌由外向內垂臂掠打，然後反掌變成鷹爪，亮於腹前，怒目皺顏切齒，目視前方。

1. Open your mouth and exhale through mouth, then lift up your left foot, knee pointing forward.
2. Raise your hips and bend your right leg until it’s in a full squat.
3. Place your left knee on the ground, and at the same time, change your right fist into palm.
4. Push both left and right palm forward at the same time through chest.
5. Then rotate your arm and palm in a circular motion from the inside to the outside and back to original position.
6. Bend your right elbow to form a fist and hold it in front of your abdomen, with the palm facing up.
7. Swing your left palm from the outside to the inside, then turn it over and form a eagle claw and hold in front.
8. Glare ahead a snarl face while mouth closed.

18 烏龍絞柱 (Black Dragon Circling the Pillar)

臀部著地，左腳移於右腳外側，使兩腿交插，沉臀著地，同時開唇發音，左掌向前猛推，右拳向前崩指開掌，右掌在外，兩掌心向里，閉口笑顏，眯視前方。

1. Begin by crouching down and seat on the ground.
2. Move your left foot to the outside of your right foot, crossing your legs.
3. While remain seated, open your mouth and make a vocal sound (didn’t mention what sound from original text).
4. Quickly strike forward with your left palm, at the same time move with your right fist forward and but quickly extend your fingers in to a finger strike (palm facing down).
5. Then, place your right palm on the outside and make sure your palms are facing each other (Note: image shows both palms facing downward).
6. Close your mouth, smile, and squinting forward.

至此，南少林羅漢喜怒拳十八式已全部整理完成。此次整理耗費了相當多的時間與心力，主要原因在於中英文之間存在許多難以直譯、意涵深遠的內容，往往無法以英文準確表達，只能改以重新敘述的方式呈現。此外，原始文獻本就不易查考，相關內容特別是原有圖片品質極差，幾乎無法辨識。因此，我另行花費大量時間搜尋相關照片，並加以修復與整理，才得以呈現今日較為完整、清晰的成果。在此誠摯希望讀者能珍惜這份得來不易的資料，並將高參大和尚的精湛武藝與崇高仁德持續傳承下去。

At this point, the compilation of the Southern Shaolin Lohan Fist of Joy and Anger is now complete. This work required a considerable amount of time and effort. The main reason was that many concepts between Chinese and English are difficult to translate directly, their meanings are deep and cannot be expressed accurately in English, making it necessary to restate them in rewritten form instead.

In addition, the original source materials are difficult to find. Most related content especially the original images were of extremely poor quality, to the point of being almost unrecognisable. For this reason, I spent a significant amount of additional time searching for relevant photographs and restoring and organising them, in order to present a more complete and clearer result as seen today.

I sincerely hope that readers will treasure this hard-earned material and continue to pass down the superb martial skills and noble virtues of Venerable Master Gao Can.

Source: De Yan (2006). The Complete Book of Chinese Shaolin Martial Arts, Beijing Sports Institute Press, page 1097-1103. Translated by Simon Wang